1;Contents;6 2;List of Contributors;8 3;Acknowledgements;10 4;Introduction;11 4.1;1.1 What to Expect;11 4.2;1.2 History of an Obsession;12 4.3;1.3 About the Various Contributions;15 4.4;1.4 Famous LastWords;18 4.5;References;21 5;Shaping in Ceramic Technology - An Overview;23 5.1;2.1 Dry Pressing;24 5.2;2.2 Extruding;31 5.3;2.3 Slip Casting;33 5.4;References;40 6;Current Classification of Ceramic Materials;44 6.1;3.1 Classification by Application or Chemical-Mineralogical Structure;44 6.2;References;65 7;Types of Extrusion Units;67 7.1;4.1 Classification by the Range of Application;68 7.2;4.2 Classification by the Product to be Extruded;70 7.3;4.3 Classification by the Arrangement of the Auger Shaft and Direction of Column Exit;70 7.4;4.4 Classification by the Diameter of the Extruder Barrel;73 7.5;4.5 Classification by the Number of Auger Shafts;74 7.6;4.6 Classification by the Consistency of the Body to be Processed;76 7.7;4.7 Classification by the Design of the Extruder Barrel;77 7.8;4.8 Classification by the Design and Mounting of the Augers;80 7.9;4.9 Classification by Specific Extrusion Method;81 7.10;4.10 Classification by the Type of De-Airing Device Employed;85 7.11;4.11 Classification by the Extruder Design Features;85 7.12;4.12 Classification by the Design of the De-Airing Mixer;89 7.13;4.13 Classification by the Design Version of the Combined De- Airing Extrusion Unit;89 7.14;References;92 8;A Short History of the Extruder in Ceramics;93 8.1;5.1 The Development of the Extruder and Column Shaping;94 8.2;5.2 The Development of Individual Extruder Components;109 8.3;5.3 The Development of the Vacuum Extruder and Combined De- Airing Extrusion Unit;126 8.4;5.4 The Extruder in the Different Fields of Ceramics;129 8.5;5.5 Chronology of Extrusion in Ceramics;132 8.6;References;135 9;The Principle of the Auger Extruder;137 9.1;6.1 Introduction;137 9.2;6.2 Liquid Phase and Additives;137 9.3;6.3 Physics of Process Steps;138 9.4;6.4 Engineering Implementation;142 9.5;6.5 Other Types of Product;144 9.6;6.6 Range of Product Size and Shape;146 9.7;6.7 Other Technologies;146 9.8;6.8 Final View;147 9.9;References;148 10;Rheology of Ceramic Bodies;149 10.1;7.1 Introduction;149 10.2;7.2 The Material Law;149 10.3;7.3 Dynamic Consideration of Cylindrical-Tube Pressure Flow of Bingham Media with Wall Slippage;156 10.4;7.4 True Flow Curve;158 10.5;7.5 The Rheological Simulation Model;161 10.6;7.6 Summary and Prospects;165 10.7;References;167 11;Rheology and Extrudability of Ceramic Compounds;168 11.1;8.1 Introduction;168 11.2;8.2 Rheological Test Methods for Describing Extrudability;170 11.3;8.3 Summary;178 11.4;References;178 12;Scenarios of Extrusion;179 12.1;9.1 Introduction;179 12.2;9.2 Functioning of Screw Extruders;179 12.3;9.3 Measures;186 12.4;9.4 Conclusion;191 12.5;References;192 13;Laminations in Extrusion;193 13.1;10.1 Definition;193 13.2;10.2 Causes of the Development of Laminations and Different Types of Laminations;194 13.3;10.3 De-Airing Laminations;205 13.4;10.4 Laminations as a Result of Inhomogeneous Body;207 13.5;10.5 Methods for Detection and Evaluation of Laminations;207 13.6;10.6 Opportunities for Minimising Detrimental Effects Caused by Laminations;211 13.7;10.7 Conclusion;214 13.8;References;215 14;Additives for Extrusion;217 14.1;11.1 Introduction;217 14.2;11.2 Additive Types;220 14.3;11.3 The Chemical Structure and Mechanism of Action of Plasticizing Additives;222 14.4;11.4 Summary;225 14.5;References;226 15;Dies, Pressure Heads, Strainer Plates and More;227 15.1;12.1 Outline/Introduction;227 15.2;12.2 Specific Characteristics of Ceramic Extrusion Body with Regard to Shaping;228 15.3;12.3 Factors of Influence to be Considered for the Design of Extrusion Tools;228 15.4;12.4 Combination Pressure Head and Die Assemblies for Technical Ceramics;229 15.5;12.5 Combination Pressure Head and Die Assemblies in Heavy Clay Ceramics;233 15.6;Conclusions;237 15.7;12.6 Brief Overview of Tribomaterials Customarily Employed in