Antibiotics are one of the greatest benefits science ever gave to mankind and one of the few things that cannot be misused against the man. Thus, the starting point of all our efforts is highly humanistic, and is expressed by cordial athmosphere in which we all work and communicate on a wide international basis. All our efforts are aimed to preserve the antibiotics as effective tools in medical treat ment, and thus we must deal with antibiotic resistance. Owing to it many antibiotics are slowly retreating from the first line of the battle between the man and pathogens. But new drugs are coming and we must check them very carefully to assure their efficiency as long as possible. In this process of inactivation of antibiotics, infectious resistance factors are today on the scene not only of clinicians, epidemiologists or hygienists, but equally, if not more, of geneticists and molecular-biologists. This is why we all were together in Smolenice to exchange our ideas and experience.

OPENING LECTURES Further outlooks of antibiotics in the shadows of resistance factors

Problems of transferable antibiotic resistance in Czechoslovakia
I. Public-Health and Clinical Aspects of Resistance and of R Factors
In vivo transfer of a plasmid governing Gentamycin resistance
Properties of an R factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Some properties of R factors isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
In vitro and in vivo transfer of the R factor to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cells
The occurrence of transferable antibiotic resistance in enteric bacteria isolated in Poland
Epidemiological investigations of R factors in man and animals in Switzerland
Multiple drug resistance of pathogens in purulent surgical infections
Studies on the drug resistance of Staphylococci and Escherichia coli against antibiotics. General tendency of resistant strains and multiple-drug resistances
Resistance transfer in vivo and its inhibition
Antibiotics, animals and R factors in man
Bacterial drug resistance in animals
Increase of Flavomycin sensitivity of bacteria by R factors
An improved technique for quantitative detection of fecal coliforms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on surfaces and in air
Development of resistance and its suppression under the influence of various Penicillins
Fish culturing and R factors
Epidemiological surveillance of drug resistance
Frequency of colicine production and occurrence of transmissible resistance in haemolytic strains of E. coli, isolated from diarrhetic pigs
Transmissible resistance in routine laboratory practice
II. Genetic and Molecular-Biologic Aspects of Resistance Factors
Antibiotics as tools in cell research
A genetic analysis of conjugational transfer and its control
Drug resistance factors: The role of host-specific restriction and modification of DNA
High-frequency transduction of tetracycline resistance marker of R factor by bacteriophage P22 in Salmonella typhimurium
Genetics of colicinogenic factors and their recombination with R factors
The regulation of replication of episomal DNA
Recombination between different R(f) and R(i) plasmids and between R-plasmids and the chromosome in E. coli and P. mirabilis
Transfer of streptomycin resistance by the plasmid R 222
R factors carrying genes governing resistance to ?-lactam drugs, studied in different bacterial hosts
Betalactamase gene expession in enteric bacteria infected with R factors
Investigation of the molecular structure of R factors
Molecular nature of bacterial plasmids
Elimination of bacterial episomes by DNA-complexing compounds
Effects of superinfection immunity on plasmid replication following conjugation
Phenotypic expression of ?-lactamase activity in diferent strains carrying the TEM R-factor
Studies on the regulation of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase mediated by R factors
Enzymatic inactivation of aminoglycoside antibiotics by resistant strains of bacteria
R factors-determined changes in permeability of E. coli towards rifampicin and other antibiotics
Gene transfer in the Rhizobium conjugation
Genetic mapping of regulator gene of phage 16-3 of Rhizobium meliloti
III. Resistance Determinants in Staphylococcus Aureus
On the mechanism of Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Extrachromosomal and chromosomal drug resistance in Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Linkage between determining penicillinase production and behaviour in the presence of crystal violet in staphylococci
Incidence of antibiotic resistant staphylococci in humansfrom different environments in Slovakia
Concomitant loss of markers during elimination of tetracycline markers in Staphylococcus aureus
IV. Colloquium on Tetracycline Resistance
On the mechanism of Tetracycline action and resistance: Association of tetracyclines with ribosomes and ribosomal subunits, studied by a fluorometric method
R factor-determined states of Tetracycline resistance in Shigella flexneri
The molecular basis of Tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Nongenetic adaptation of Bacillus cereus 569H to Tetracycline
Author Index.