Preface
Why This Book, Why Now
Scope and Distinctive Character
A Brief Historical Perspective
How This Book Is Organised
Who This Book Is For
The Interdisciplinary Spirit of the Field
Acknowledgements
 

Part I. Foundations of OECT Neuroelectronics
Chapter 1. Neural Interfaces and Brain?Computer Interfaces: Unmet Needs and Opportunities for OECT Neuroelectronics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Conceptual Boundaries among BCIs, BMIs, and Neural Interfaces
1.3 Current Landscape of Neural Interface Technologies
1.4 Unmet Needs in Current Neural Interfaces
1.5 Technical Positioning of OECT Neuroelectronics
1.6 The Interdisciplinary Nature of OECT Neuroelectronics
1.7 Summary
References
 
Chapter 2. Neural Electrical and Chemical Signals: Biological Foundations for Device Design
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Membrane Potential and Action Potential: Basic Units of Neural Electrical Activity
2.3 Local Field Potentials: Low-Frequency Signatures of Neural Population Activity
2.4 ECoG and EEG: Macroscopic Neural Activity from the Cortical Surface to the Scalp
2.5 Peripheral Nerve Signals: Neuroelectronic Scenarios beyond Brain Interfaces
2.6 Ionic Signals: The Chemical Foundation of Neural Activity
2.7 Neurotransmitters, Metabolites, and Redox-Active Molecules
2.8 Correspondence between Neural Signal Hierarchies and Device Requirements
2.9 Design Principles for OECT Neuroelectronics
2.9.5 Noise Sources and Circuit Configurations
2.10 Summary
References
 
Chapter 3. Organic Electronics and Mixed Ionic?Electronic Conductors
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fundamentals of Electronic Structure of Organic Semiconductors
3.3 Conducting Polymers and Electrochemical Doping
3.4 Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors
3.5 Ion Transport and Hydrated Structures
3.6 The Nature of Mixed Ionic?Electronic Conduction
3.7 Compatibility between OMIECs and Biological Interfaces
3.8 Key Parameters Linking Material Properties to OECT Performance
3.9 Materials Design Logic for Neural Interfaces
3.10 Summary
References
 
Part II. Operating Principles and Performance Metrics of OECTs
Chapter 4. Working Principles and Device Physics of OECTs
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Basic Device Architecture of OECTs
4.3 Volumetric Doping and Ion?Electron Coupling Mechanisms
4.4 Depletion Mode, Accumulation Mode, and Operating Polarity
4.5 Coupling among the Gate, Electrolyte, and Channel
4.6 Distinctions among OECTs, OFETs, EGTs, and Passive Electrodes
4.7 Transconductance: A Core Parameter for Signal Amplification
4.7.3 µC*: Utility and Limitations as a Comparative Figure of Merit
4.7.4 Device Geometry and Transconductance Normalisation
4.7.5 Scaling: From Planar OECTs to Vertical Architectures
4.8 Transient Response and Dynamic Performance
4.9 Noise, Signal Fidelity, and Neural Recording Performance
4.10 Power Consumption, Voltage Window, and Biosafety
4.11 Matching Device Performance to Different Neural Signals
4.12 Standardised Evaluation and Principles for Literature Comparison
4.13 Summary
References
 
Chapter 5. PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT-Based Benchmark Materials
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Chemical Composition and Self-Doping Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS
5.3 Phase-Separated Structure and Dual Ionic?Electronic Pathways
5.4 Secondary Doping and Conductivity Enhancement
5.5 Crosslinking, Stabilisation, and Aqueous Operation
5.6 Typical Operating Mode of PEDOT:PSS in OECTs
5.7 PEDOT:PSS as a Neural-Interface Material
5.8 Post-Deposition Treatments and Their Effects
5.9 PEDOT Derivatives and Structural Modification
5.10 Intrinsic Limitations of PEDOT:PSS
5.11 Design Principles of PEDOT:PSS for OECT Neuroelectronics
5.12 Summary
References
 
Chapter 6. p-Type Organic Mixed Ionic?Electronic Conductors
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Basic Design Requir