This book reviews fundamental advances in the use of metallic biomaterials to reconstruct hard tissues and blood vessels. It also covers the latest advances in representative metallic biomaterials, such as stainless steels, Co-Cr alloys, titanium and its alloys, zirconium, tantalum and niobium based alloys. In addition, the latest findings on corrosion, cytotoxic and allergic problems caused by metallic biomaterials are introduced. The book offers a valuable reference source for researchers, graduate students and clinicians working in the fields of materials, surgery, dentistry, and mechanics.

Mitsuo Niinomi, PhD, D.D.Sc., is a Professor at the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan.

Takayuki Narushima, PhD, is a Professor at the Department of Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Japan.

Masaaki Nakai, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Japan.

Part I Biological Tissues and Organs

Bone Tissue and Biomaterials Design Based on the Anisotropic Microstructure
Joint: Normal Anatomy, Function, and Pathological Condition
Metallurgy of Spinal Instrumentation
Biomechanics of Blood Vessels: Structure, Mechanics, and Adaptation
Tooth and Tooth-Supporting Structures
Part II Metallic Biomaterials
Nickel-free High Nitrogen Stainless Steel
Co-Cr Alloys as Effective Metallic Biomaterials
Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications
Zirconium Alloys for Orthopedic Applications
The Use of Porous Tantalum for Reconstructing Bone Loss in Orthopaedic Surgery
Niobium Biomaterials
Part III Reactions of Metals in Human Body.-Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials
Pathological Analysis of Metal Allergy to Metallic Materials
Cyto-toxicity of Metallic Biomaterials.