This volume completes the second edition series of Surgical Neuroangiography. It offers a complete and richly illustrated overview of all treatment modalities. It covers neurovascular diseases in neonates, infants, and children and details the clinical challenges involved in managing lesions of the brain, spinal cord, spine, and head and neck in the pediatric age group. Vascular malformations of the maxillofacial area have been included. The specificities of the perinatal and infancy period are emphasized. All chapters have been substantially expanded for this second edition in order to include the most recent contributions in clinical knowledge, therapeutic strategies, and outcome responses. New classifications based on updated nosologic linkages are introduced and classic syndromes are revisited. The authors' 30 years of experience and their unique referral patterns have helped establish the natural history of these rare diseases.

Embryological and anatomical introduction

Introduction and general comments regarding pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunts
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation
Cerebral arteriovenous fistulas
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome
Dural arteriovenous shunts
Venous anomalies and malformations
Craniopagus and cranial midline epidural venous anomalies
Cerebral venous thrombosis
Hemangiomas
PHACES
Cervicofacial vascular malformations
Parachordal arteriovenous fistulas (extracranial and extraspinal arteriovenous fistulas)
Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations
Vascular trauma and epistaxis
Intracranial aneurysms in children
Arterial ischemic stroke.