1;Contents;62;List of Contributors;103;Part I Epidemiologic and Health Costs of Incontinence;163.1;Chapter 1 Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence;183.1.1;1.1 Definitions;193.1.2;1.2 Epidemiology of Nocturnal Enuresis;193.1.3;1.3 Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence in Women;203.1.4;1.4 Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence in Men;243.1.5;References;253.2;Chapter 2 Epidemiology of Faecal Incontinence: A Review of Population-Based Studies;283.2.1;2.1 Introduction;293.2.2;2.2 Prevalence;303.2.3;2.3 Associated Factors;353.2.4;2.4 Conclusions;363.2.5;References;373.3;Chapter 3 Economic Costs of Urinary Incontinence in Germany;403.3.1;3.1 Prevalence and Social Importance;413.3.2;3.2 From a Medical to an Economic Approach;423.3.3;3.3 Direct Costs;423.3.4;3.4 Indirect Costs;433.3.5;3.5 Economic Impact in Germany;443.3.6;3.6 From Treating to Healing;453.3.7;References;463.4;Chapter 4 Perception of Incontinence in and by Society;483.4.1;4.1 Background;493.4.2;4.2 Incontinence Citations in PubMed;493.4.3;4.3 Available Therapeutic Tools;503.4.4;4.4 Incontinence Knowledge in Traditional Health Care;513.4.5;References;544;Part II Pelvic Anatomy, Physiology and Etiology of Incontinence;564.1;Chapter 5 The Rodent Animal Model to Explain Stress Urinary Incontinence;584.1.1;5.1 Introduction;594.1.2;5.2 Part I;604.1.2.1;5.2.1 Experimental Set-up;604.1.2.2;5.2.2 Statistical Analyses;604.1.2.3;5.2.3 Functional Evaluation;614.1.2.4;5.2.4 Histological Evaluation;624.1.2.5;5.2.5 RT-PCR;684.1.3;5.3 Part II;694.1.3.1;5.3.1 Experimental Set-up;694.1.3.2;5.3.2 Statistical Analysis;704.1.3.3;5.3.3 Functional Evaluation;714.1.3.4;5.3.4 Histological Evaluation;724.1.4;5.4 Discussion;904.1.5;References;994.2;Chapter 6 Birth Trauma and Incontinence;1034.2.1;6.1 Morphological Canges of the Continence Controlling System of Urethra and Anus Caused by Pregnancy and Delivery;1044.2.2;6.2 Birth Trauma and Prevalence Incontinence;1064.2.3;6.3 Risk factors for the Development of Urinary and Anal Incontinence;1074.2.4;6.4 Summary;1074.2.5;References;1084.3;Chapter 7 Neurogenic Urinary Incontinence;1114.3.1;7.1 Introduction and Aims;1124.3.2;7.2 Pathophysiology of Neurogenic Urinary Incontinence;1124.3.3;7.3 Therapeutic Options for Neurogenic Urinary Incontinence;1144.3.4;7.4 Conclusions;1174.4;Chapter 8 Fecal Incontinence After Rectal and Perianal Surgery;1184.4.1;8.1 Introduction;1194.4.2;8.2 At-risk Procedures;1194.4.3;8.3 Procedure-specific Risks;1204.4.4;8.4 High-risk Procedures;1284.4.5;8.5 Etiology of Postoperative Incontinence;1284.4.6;8.6 High-risk Patient Groups;1294.4.7;8.7 Decreasing the Risk of Fecal Incontinence Following Rectal and Perianal Surgery;1304.4.8;8.8 Outcomes Data;1304.4.9;8.9 Conclusion;1314.4.10;References;1315;Part III Diagnostic Methods to Detect Incontinence;1355.1;Chapter 9 Evaluation of Anorectal and Pelvic Floor Muscle Function;1365.1.1;9.1 Anatomical Background;1375.1.2;9.2 Functional Parameters and Evaluation Techniques;1375.1.3;9.3 Outcome Measures and Clinical Relevance;1435.1.4;9.4 Indications;1495.1.5;9.5 Conclusion;1505.1.6;References;1505.2;Chapter 10 Imaging of the Pelvic Floor - Videoproctography and Dynamic MRI of the Pelvic Floor;1525.2.1;10.1 Introduction;1535.2.2;10.2 Technical Necessities to Perform Defecography;1535.2.3;10.3 Radiation Dose of Defecography;1545.2.4;10.4 Standards of Evaluation;1545.2.5;10.5 Information from a Correctly Performed Defecography;1555.2.6;10.6 Technical Necessities to Perform a Dynamic MRI of the Pelvic Floor;1575.2.7;10.7 How to Perform Dynamic MRI;1575.2.8;10.8 Indication for Dynamic MRI;1585.2.9;10.9 Costs of Conventional Defecography and Dynamic MRI;1585.2.10;10.10 Discussion;1605.2.11;10.11 Conclusion;1675.2.12;References;1675.3;Chapter 11 Diagnostic Methods to Detect Female Urinary Incontinence;1705.3.1;11.1 Assessment of Genuine Stress Incontinence;1725.3.2;11.2 Basic Investigations;1725.3.3;11.3